Anne Sexton Essays (1316 words) - Guggenheim Fellows, Anne Sexton

Anne Sexton Anne Sexton The third decade of the twentieth century brought on more explicit writers than ever before, but none were as expressive as Anne Sexton. Her style of writing, her works, the image that she created, and the crazy life that she led are all prime examples of this. Known as one of the most confessional poets of her time, Anne Sexton was also one of the most criticized. She was known to use images of incest, adultery, and madness to reveal the depths of her deeply troubled life, which often brought on much controversy. Despite this, Anne went on to win many awards and go down as one of the best poets of all time. Anne Sexton was born Anne Gray Harvey on November 9, 1928 in Newton, Massachusetts to Ralph Churchill and Mary Gray Staples Harvey (Discovering Biographies 1). From then on, Sexton spent most of her life in the affluent, upper-middle class suburbs of Boston (Discovering Biographies 2). According to many of the experiences described in her poems, she led a very unhappy childhood thats horrifying memories affected her throughout her life. To overcome her troubles, she married at age nineteen and attempted to settle into the role of housewife and mother (Discovering Biographies 2). Shortly after her marriage, Anne enrolled in a modeling course at the Hart Agency and lived in San Francisco and Baltimore (Academy of American Poets 1). During this time Anne was also educated at Earland Junior College from 1947- 1948 (Twentieth Century American Literature 2). Through out her early twenties, Sexton began to experience bouts of depression that eventually led to hospitalization (Discovering Biographies 2). In 1955, after the birth of her second daughter, Sexton attempted suicide (Discovering Biographies 2). She was then placed under the care of Dr. Martin Orne, who encouraged her to write poems as a form of therapy (Discovering Biographies 1). Poetry gave me a rebirth at age twenty-nine (American Literature 3591), Anne quoted many times during her career. Anne deeply admired and attempted to emulate the confessional poem Hear ts Needle by Shodgrass (Discovering Biographies 2). Sexton decided to enroll in Robert Lowells graduate writing seminar at the Boston Center for Adult Education (Discovering Biographies 2). She then went on to be a scholar at the Radcliffe Institute for Independent Study from 1961- 1963 (American Literature 3596). During the nineteen-sixties, Anne gave spirited public readings accompanied by the music group, Her Kind (Discovering Biographies 1). Despite her literary success, Sexton continually battled depression and psychosis. She began writing extremely personal verse concerning her experiences as a mental patient (Discovering Biographies 1). The chronic mental illness that controlled Annes life was the anguished center of her familys life (Linda Sexton 1). Anne was extremely possessive of her daughter Linda and also confessed to having murderous impulses towards her (Linda Sexton 1). I made myself numb, made my body like stone in exchange for my mothers love Annes eldest daughter exclaimed (Linda Sexton 1). In 1974, Anne committed suicide using carbon monoxide (Discovering Biographies 2). Even though Anne led an extremely confusing life, she was said to have lived it as a treasury that would be remembered forever. Annes open style of writing was a very debatable issue. Some thought Sexton was one of the best known and most controversial of the confessional poets, a group composed of New England writers who rose to prominence in the nineteen-sixties (Contemporary Literary Criticism 311). While others believed as her notoriety grew, Sexton became unable to separate her life and her art (Litz 669). Sextons work offers the reader an intimate view of the emotional anguish that characterized her life (Academy of American Poets 1). Annes early poetry was said to be hopeful and joyful while it became much darker in her latter years (American Literature 3591). She was said to see poetry as a physical experience and she used imagery as the heart of poetry (Anne Sexton 1). Her favorite topics were sex, illegitimacy, guilt, madness, and suicide (Roth Publishing 1). Anne was often compared to Sylvia Plath but distinguishes herself from Plath in her interest in the flesh rather than in emblem of pain and mu tilation (American Literature 3596). Some people believed Annes style

Rashomon essays

Rashomon essays Rashomon by Akutagawa Ryunosuke takes place at the gate called Rashomon in Kyoto. The devastated city had no time to repair the rusting gate. It had become a dark place where unidentified corpses were abandoned. A servant that had gotten dismissed by his master sits on the steps in the pouring rain wondering if he should become a thief to make a living. He sees a fire by the top of the stairs so he sneaks up and looks. There is an old woman pulling hair out of the corpses. By the sight of this, he cannot hold in his anger, he pulls out his sword and pushes the old woman on the ground. She told him, making wigs with the hair was keeping her alive. After a little thinking, he pulls off her kimono and runs off deciding that he had to steal to eat. He abandons her naked on the stairs and disappears into the night. Character. There are two characters, the servant and the hag. The servant had served a samurai for a few years; however, due to the decline of Kyoto, was dismissed. The hag or old womans past is unknown, for the only information the reader has is that she is found pulling out hair from the corpses to make a wig. Both seem like real people with characteristics that are naturalistic. The servant shows his strength and social class with his sword and physical power. The hag has no class but represents the lower class that is striving to live. The characters action questions the reader about the relationship between human nature and inner self. The dichotomy of morality and immorality are correlated through the characters. The servant had decided not to steal before entering Rashomon holding up his morality, however after the hags speech about selling hair to survive, he changes. His morality disappears, as he reaches out for her kimono, sending him into the lower class equal to the hag . The hag is almost like a devil. The servant himself is transformed into one through their interaction. Selfishness is a theme s...

Police Excessive Use of Force Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Police Excessive Use of Force - Essay Example   Police brutality can be defined as â€Å"the excessive use of physical force, assault, verbal attacks, and threats by police officers and other law enforcement officers† (Police brutality. 2007). Police using force includes pushing, grabbing, kicking, or hitting a citizen. Hitting may be striking with the hand or with an object held in police officers hand. Police dogs biting a person, spraying with pepper spray or chemical, and pointing a firearm to a citizen also will come under police using force. The threat to use any of these forces will also be counted as using force. Whether the force used by the officer is â€Å"excessive† or not is defined according to the account of the victims. For female victims, any of the above-mentioned forces, even they are in small range, will be termed as â€Å"excessive’. On the other hand, male victims will have another scale for measuring the amount of force used by the police. This difference will occur in the case of r ace also. Cops enforcing law can be seen throughout the history. In the earlier times police forces have created an atmosphere of fear among the members of the society, and for subjugation and control, rough treatment was a regular occurrence. Both the Old Testament and the New Testament cite many examples of Egyptian, Roman and Israeli guards, who were an equivalent of policemen, inflicting violence mercilessly on the community. Things were not different in the nineteenth century America when Police forces were introduced for the first time there.   Marilynn S. Johnson, in her book, Street Justice: A History of Police Violence in New York City, speaks about â€Å"the routine bludgeoning of citizens by patrolmen armed with nightsticks or blackjacks† (Johnson 2004). With the increase of police forces and population, cases of police enforcement have increased tremendously by the end of the twentieth century. A survey conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics in US in 2001 , Contacts between police and Public, came out with the finding that â€Å"during 1999 approximately 422,000 persons age 16 or older were estimated to have had a contact in which police used or threatened to use force against them.† (Contact between police and public. 2001). Even though this much police brutality is taking place in the country, most of the cases do not sustain. A report issued by another

The Controversy of Ordination of Bill Johnson Essay

The Controversy of Ordination of Bill Johnson - Essay Example In my opinion, an ordination of Bill Johnson was controversial due to his open acknowledgment of the gay in the society despite his position in the church. During this time, the gay persons experienced utter marginalization because of lacking any acceptance in society. The gay was struggling for acceptance even in religious places like the church. A large number of gay individuals that come up during the gay parade was also controversial. This parade takes place in a church compound, a place that signifies purity and holiness. Another controversial feature evident during the ordination of Billy Johnson is the support by different seminary groups that he has served for twenty-five years drawing their reference from the birth of gay rights that occurred in the 1960s – 1970s (Gaustad & Schmidt 398). The youth groups of that particular church express their support by attending Billy’s ordination. To my opinion, this is an indication of the transformation of religion under influence of the young persons. Acceptance of homosexuality is driven by two factors, the religion, and young individuals. I feel that the young individuals are seeking for recognition despite the opposition they face in society. In addition, the young individuals represent other marginalized individuals that have no support to champion their acknowledgment. The church offers a suitable medium that shows expression of the marginalized in society. I feel that the acknowledgment of the gay persons pioneered by Bill Johnson is important to show the liberal nature of the church. Despite opposition from other institutions to recognize the gay individuals, the church under the influence of Bill Johnson expresses recognition of the gay to show that the church is not bound to any form of discrimination.

Learning Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Learning Theories - Essay Example Behaviorists like Ivan Pavlov (1936) and Skinner (1990) states that behavior is explained by environmental causes, rather than by internal forces. It also emphasizes that the environment influences human behavior. Whereas, the Social Learning theory, states that people learn through the observation of other people. According to Bandura, (1977, p22) 'Fortunately, most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling: from observing others one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed, and on later occasion s this coded information serves as a guide for action.' (1977, p22). On the other hand, Cognitive Learning theorist 'were concerned with cognition - the act or process of knowing.' (Smith, 1999). Researchers like Jean Piaget, while recognizing the contribution of environment, explored changes in internal cognitive structure. It explained that every human being is bound to these stages. This also tells us that learning depends on the level or stage that we are in. La stly, Humanistic approach to learning have explained that human beings as self-actualizing. The theory explains that people are bound to growth. In humanism, 'learning is student centered and personalized, and the educator's role is that of a facilitator. Affective and cognitive needs are key, and the goal is to develop self-actualized people in a cooperative, supportive environment.' (Huit, 2001) The famous theory of Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of needs (1954) identifies the needs of individual that needs to be considered in a learning environment. The hierarchy of needs is illustrated by a triangle in most references. The hierarchy are as follow: 1) Physiological: hunger, thirst, bodily comforts, etc.; 2) Safety/security: out of danger; 3) Belonginess and Love: affiliate with others, be accepted; and 4) Esteem: to achieve, be competent, gain approval and recognition. 5) Self-actualization: to find self-fulfillment and realize one's potential. According to Maslow, if an individual successfully fulfilled the needs, they will achieve self-actualization. Applied to a learning environment, a student should be able to satisfy his/her physiological needs in order for him/her to focus on learning a lesson. We can consider the physiological needs as food, clothing, shelter and the like. Imagine a student who has not eaten breakfast and came to school for his/her first class, the student may not be able to understand or comprehend his/her teacher if his/her stomach aching out of hunger. Once the physiological needs are in place and all right, Safety and security is next to be addressed, a student may consider his/her physical safety going to school. If the student feels that he/she is not secured in the school,

Tata Motors Significance Of ERP Automotive Sector

Tata Motors Significance Of ERP Automotive Sector Tata Motors Ltd. is a multinational company, based in Mumbai, India. It is part of the Tata Group, and formerly known as Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company. Tata Motors is the largest automobile company in India, with consolidated revenues of $ 20 million in 2009-10. Tata Motors is number one in commercial vehicles and among the best players in the sector of passenger vehicles. Tata Motors has produced compact cars, segments of mid-size vehicles and utility. The company is the largest manufacturer of heavy trucks in the fourth place, a global manufacturer of buses in the second place, and employs 50 000 (2010) workers. Since its launch in 1954, Tata Motors production is over 4 million vehicles, in India alone. When Tata Motors began manufacturing locomotives, they produced their first commercial vehicle in 1954. They were in collaboration with Daimler-Benz AG at that time, which ended in 1969. Tata Motors is traded on the Bombay Stock Exchange as well as on the New York Stock Exchange, its a dual listed company. Tata Motors in 2005, was placed along with the top 10 companies in India with an annual turnover of over 000 000 320 000 INR. In 2010, Brand Finance and The Economic Times conducted a survey on most valuable brand in India and Tata Motors tops the confidence to win the coveted title. Car factories and assembly plants of Tata Motors are located in Jamshedpur, Poone, Sanand, Ahmedhabad , Dharwad, Pantnagar and Lucknow in India and also in South Africa, Thailand and Argentina. Company profile Tata Motors Limited à  Ã‚ ¤Ã… ¸Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã… ¸Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¾ à  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ®Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã… ¸Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ °Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¥Ã‚ Ãƒ  Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¸ Type Public Industry Automotive Founded 1945 Founder Mr. JRD Tata C:UsersuserDocumentsCyberLinkDesktopJRD_Tata.jpg Headquarters Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Top Management Mr.Ratan Tata (Chairman) C:UsersuserDocumentsCyberLinkDesktopRatan_Tata_300.jpg Mr. Ravi Kant (Vice Chairman) C:UsersuserDocumentsCyberLinkDesktopRavi-Kant.jpg Products Automobiles Engines Parent Tata Group Website TataMotors.com Challenges Why Tata Motors needed to implement an ERP solution: Tata motors always aim for best quality, therefore for better data quality they want to implement latest available solution. To have real time access to the data management. Tata motors were experiencing difficulty to build a single location-independent integrated enterprising. Major challenges include coordination among 4 major plants located in different parts of India. They also have 42 Regional and Sales offices. To have inventory management system in over 27 spare parts warehouses To keep records of all major products, components, castings and forgings. Tata motors also have their research and development centers in Spain, South Korea and UK. To have employees management system with over 50,000 employees including 1,400 in-house engineers and scientists. To have real time supply chain management with 1200 spare parts dealer spread all over the country. Working Environment of Tata Motors: Database: Oracle Hardware: pre-dominantly IBM with smattering of HP and SUN Operating system : UNIX SAP SAP AG is a German software company worldwide, providing enterprise software applications and support for businesses of all sizes around the world. It is also the largest company in the world, providing ERP solutions. It has its headquarters in Walldorf, Germany, with regional offices worldwide. It is also the largest software company in Europe and fourth in the world. SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (SAP ERP) software from SAP and Business Objects are the most popular products. SAP was founded in June 1972 by five former IBM engineers in Mannheim, Baden-Wà ¼rttemberg (Dietmar Hopp, Klaus Tschira, Hans-Werner Hector, Hasso Plattner, and Wellenreuther Claus). It was formerly known as Systemanalyse und Programmentwicklung (System Analysis and Development). The acronym was later changed to represent Systeme, Anwendungen und Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung (Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing). SAP ERP application was developed by SAP AG to guide the urgency of the big software company, and mid-sized organizations in all sectors and industries. This application provides among all the other benefits of open communication within the company and its functions. Advantages of SAP over other ERP solutions: SAP has multiple functionalities as compared to other ERP solutions. Market Leader in its segment. Package suited for Tata Motors. It had a readymade process for auto manufacturers therefore, customization requirement is less. Market share of SAP Implementation Objectives for SAP in TATA Motors: To improve revenue collection from sales To reduce application of efforts and increasing efficiency. To reduce cost by improvement in operations area. To increase productivity. To give timely and appropriate response to the customers. To downsize business processes across all manufacturing units. To develop platform for organization wide communication. Most importantly cost reduction in various departments. To have proper inventory management system to reduced inventory. To synchronize production scheduling with sales of product. Significant benefits achieved by Tata motors Because of SAP ERP Solution implementation, Tata Motors has experienced increase in productivity and cost control. Another benefit is in reduction of number of different application run on them as well as the no. of servers. Introduction of disaster recovery management done for one entity. Significant reduction in the number of non-value-added activities. With the implementation of SAP, a Business Process Reengineering was also initiated to achieve uniform process with all business users. There is an efficiency increase in inventory management and check over receivables and other credit control. Enterprise integration: SAP has created service platforms for IT, Human Resources and Financial Services. Due to this there has been reduction of almost 2 weeks time in financial consolidations. Because of SAP there is an integration with the vendors and the suppliers. SAP Solution has also helped Tata Motors to meet all their customers needs and service them better. And also now information is on real time basis, Tata motors are able to respond timely to their customers, vendors and suppliers demands. There will be better control on receivables and credit control. A single unified database Procurement process from various vendors will be automated. There is catalogue content management which helps in coordinating with suppliers. Streamline procurement process management among different locations worldwide. Among other significant benefits achieved by Tata Motors is that there is quick and live auctions for competitive pricing. Transparency in the process for supplies and payments status to suppliers through portal is achieved. It is helping Tata Motors with negotiation power because all data of the world can be made available to Tata Motors. Parts validation through spend control and analysis. Keeping records of daily billing (invoices), receivables, and sales. Future Plans Tata Motors after implementation of SAP ERP solutions became the greatest deployment in the automotive industry because of the considerate spread of functionality of TATA Group. They are a satisfied customer of SAP as claimed by SAP. Tata Motors and SAP ERP are keeping alongside each other of all the new developments and ensure that the applications they run commiserates with the SAP enhancements. Tata Motors would definitely choose SAP for their future plans of company enhancements. As mentioned above also, Tata Motors has been able to achieve a unified enterprise solution, an massive increase in productivity and also able to build a reliable, stronger and lifelong relationship with its customers, all because of the SAP ERP implementation. Thus, the company has not only retained its headship in India but has also been able to enlarge its footprint in the global automotive industry. Conclusion Therefore we can clearly say that SAP ERP solution has turned out to be success and profitable move for Tata Motors. Major areas of improvement are in inventory management, procurement management, resource planning, supply chain management, logistics and production scheduling in the operations department. In Finance module SAP ERP has helped in consolidation of general cost, credit control, day-to-day billing etc. In Human Resource Department they have implemented a uniform and single platform for over 50,000 employees. Overall all the departments and processes are integrated at all levels. Production employees could now work on real time basis as they have access to the data base of the company. They are also more closely controlled and approach able to updated processes across the manufacturing plants spread all over the world. For Tata Motors SAP setting up in the whole automotive industry worldwide has made possible connect and cooperate within themselves. Tata motors are aiming to enhance their business portfolio as they are planning to implement Sap application for all IT processes but leaving out Customer Relationship Management(CRM) and Product Life-cycle Management.(PLC). To improve Supply Chain Management solutions SAP is introducing The introduction of SAP Advanced Planning Optimization (SAP APO). Therefore to conclude we can say that the SAP infrastructure granted a strong IT infrastructure to support Tata Motors globalization plans.

In the Heart of the Sea Essay example -- essays research papers

In the Heart of the Sea What caused an 85 ton Sperm whale to crash into the side of the Essex, causing one of the most disastrous and tragic accidents in maritime history? Was this a calculated attack? Did it see the whaling ship as an unwanted rival in its territory? Did the crew of the Essex have anything to do with the whales’ sporadic behavior? Or was this simply an unexplainable act of nature’s unpredictability?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On November 20, 1820 the crew of the Essex spotted an unusual sight, an extremely large bull. The men estimated it to be about eighty-five feet long and weigh approximately eighty tons. However it was not only the large sight of the whale that alarmed the men, but it was its strange behavior. â€Å"Instead of fleeing in panic, it was floating quietly on the surface of the water, puffin occasionally through its blowhole, as if it were watching them. After spouting two or three times, the whale dove then surfaced about 35 yards from the ship (81).† After diving the whale began to do the unspeakable it began to charge the Essex, â€Å"Its twenty foot-wide tail pumped up and down slowly at first, with a slight side to side waggle, it picked up speed until the water crested around its massive barrel shaped head. It was aimed at the Essex’s port side (81).† Upon noticing that the whale was going to ram into the ship the captain gave the order to â⠂¬Å"pull the helm hard up† to prevent a direct hit however the order was given to late the whale it the shi...